The Use of Antiviral Agents against SARS-CoV-2: Ineffective or Time and Age Dependent Result? A Retrospective, Observational Study among COVID-19 Older Adults.
Identifieur interne : 000098 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000097; suivant : 000099The Use of Antiviral Agents against SARS-CoV-2: Ineffective or Time and Age Dependent Result? A Retrospective, Observational Study among COVID-19 Older Adults.
Auteurs : Antonio Desai [Italie] ; Giuseppe Caltagirone [Italie] ; Sharon Sari [Italie] ; Daria Pocaterra [Italie] ; Maria Kogan [Italie] ; Elena Azzolini [Italie] ; Victor Savevski [Italie] ; Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi [Italie] ; Antonio Voza [Italie] ; On Behalf Of The Humanitas Covid-Task Force [Italie]Source :
- Journal of clinical medicine [ 2077-0383 ] ; 2021.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Our aim was to investigate the impact of therapeutics with antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on mortality of older adults affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), taking into consideration the time interval from symptoms onset to drugs administration.
METHODS
Data from 143 COVID-19 patients over 65 years of age admitted to the Humanitas Clinical and Research Center Emergency Department (Milan, Italy) and treated with Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or Darunavir/cobicistat (DVR/c) associated to Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed by using a logistic regression model and survival analysis to assess the role of different predictors of in-hospital mortality, including an early (<6 days from symptoms onset) vs. late treatment onset, signs and symptoms at COVID-19 presentation, type of antiviral treatment (LPV/r or DVR/c) and patients' age (65-80 vs. >80 years old).
RESULTS
Multivariate analysis showed that an older age (OR: 2.54) and dyspnea as presenting symptom (OR: 2.01) were associated with higher mortality rate, whereas cough as presenting symptom (OR: 0.53) and a timely drug administration (OR: 0.44) were associated with lower mortality. Survival analysis demonstrated that the timing of drug administration had an impact on mortality in 65-80 years-old patients (
CONCLUSIONS
There was a significant association between the use of a combined antiviral regimen and HCQ and lower mortality, when timely-administered, in COVID-19 patients aged 65-80 years. Our findings support timely treatment onset as a key component in the treatment of COVID-19.
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040686
PubMed: 33578922
PubMed Central: PMC7916694
Affiliations:
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nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Neurology Unit and MS Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurology Unit and MS Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Policlinico, 20122 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Voza, Antonio" sort="Voza, Antonio" uniqKey="Voza A" first="Antonio" last="Voza">Antonio Voza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement 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A Retrospective, Observational Study among COVID-19 Older Adults.</title><author><name sortKey="Desai, Antonio" sort="Desai, Antonio" uniqKey="Desai A" first="Antonio" last="Desai">Antonio Desai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>20090 Pieve Emanuele</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caltagirone, Giuseppe" sort="Caltagirone, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Caltagirone G" first="Giuseppe" last="Caltagirone">Giuseppe Caltagirone</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>20090 Pieve Emanuele</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sari, Sharon" sort="Sari, Sharon" uniqKey="Sari S" first="Sharon" last="Sari">Sharon Sari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Internal Medicine Department, Geriatrics, Santa Margherita Rehabilitation and Cure Institute, ASP, 27100 Pavia, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Internal Medicine Department, Geriatrics, Santa Margherita Rehabilitation and Cure Institute, ASP, 27100 Pavia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>27100 Pavia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pocaterra, Daria" sort="Pocaterra, Daria" uniqKey="Pocaterra D" first="Daria" last="Pocaterra">Daria Pocaterra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kogan, Maria" sort="Kogan, Maria" uniqKey="Kogan M" first="Maria" last="Kogan">Maria Kogan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Azzolini, Elena" sort="Azzolini, Elena" uniqKey="Azzolini E" first="Elena" last="Azzolini">Elena Azzolini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>20090 Pieve Emanuele</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Directorate, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Directorate, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Savevski, Victor" sort="Savevski, Victor" uniqKey="Savevski V" first="Victor" last="Savevski">Victor Savevski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Artificial Intelligence Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Artificial Intelligence Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinelli Boneschi, Filippo" sort="Martinelli Boneschi, Filippo" uniqKey="Martinelli Boneschi F" first="Filippo" last="Martinelli-Boneschi">Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Neurology Unit and MS Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurology Unit and MS Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Policlinico, 20122 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Voza, Antonio" sort="Voza, Antonio" uniqKey="Voza A" first="Antonio" last="Voza">Antonio Voza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="On Behalf Of The Humanitas Covid Task Force" sort="On Behalf Of The Humanitas Covid Task Force" uniqKey="On Behalf Of The Humanitas Covid Task Force" last="On Behalf Of The Humanitas Covid-Task Force">On Behalf Of The Humanitas Covid-Task Force</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of clinical medicine</title><idno type="ISSN">2077-0383</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Our aim was to investigate the impact of therapeutics with antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on mortality of older adults affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), taking into consideration the time interval from symptoms onset to drugs administration.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>Data from 143 COVID-19 patients over 65 years of age admitted to the Humanitas Clinical and Research Center Emergency Department (Milan, Italy) and treated with Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or Darunavir/cobicistat (DVR/c) associated to Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed by using a logistic regression model and survival analysis to assess the role of different predictors of in-hospital mortality, including an early (<6 days from symptoms onset) vs. late treatment onset, signs and symptoms at COVID-19 presentation, type of antiviral treatment (LPV/r or DVR/c) and patients' age (65-80 vs. >80 years old).</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>Multivariate analysis showed that an older age (OR: 2.54) and dyspnea as presenting symptom (OR: 2.01) were associated with higher mortality rate, whereas cough as presenting symptom (OR: 0.53) and a timely drug administration (OR: 0.44) were associated with lower mortality. Survival analysis demonstrated that the timing of drug administration had an impact on mortality in 65-80 years-old patients (</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>There was a significant association between the use of a combined antiviral regimen and HCQ and lower mortality, when timely-administered, in COVID-19 patients aged 65-80 years. Our findings support timely treatment onset as a key component in the treatment of COVID-19.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33578922</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>03</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2077-0383</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>10</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2021</Year><Month>Feb</Month><Day>10</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of clinical medicine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Clin Med</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The Use of Antiviral Agents against SARS-CoV-2: Ineffective or Time and Age Dependent Result? A Retrospective, Observational Study among COVID-19 Older Adults.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">686</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/jcm10040686</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Our aim was to investigate the impact of therapeutics with antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on mortality of older adults affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), taking into consideration the time interval from symptoms onset to drugs administration.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Data from 143 COVID-19 patients over 65 years of age admitted to the Humanitas Clinical and Research Center Emergency Department (Milan, Italy) and treated with Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or Darunavir/cobicistat (DVR/c) associated to Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed by using a logistic regression model and survival analysis to assess the role of different predictors of in-hospital mortality, including an early (<6 days from symptoms onset) vs. late treatment onset, signs and symptoms at COVID-19 presentation, type of antiviral treatment (LPV/r or DVR/c) and patients' age (65-80 vs. >80 years old).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Multivariate analysis showed that an older age (OR: 2.54) and dyspnea as presenting symptom (OR: 2.01) were associated with higher mortality rate, whereas cough as presenting symptom (OR: 0.53) and a timely drug administration (OR: 0.44) were associated with lower mortality. Survival analysis demonstrated that the timing of drug administration had an impact on mortality in 65-80 years-old patients (<i>p</i> = 0.02), whereas no difference was seen in those >80 years-old. This impact was more evident in patients with dyspnea as primary symptom of COVID-19, in whom mortality decreased from 57.1% to 38.3% due to timely drug administration (OR: 0.5; <i>p</i> = 0.04).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">There was a significant association between the use of a combined antiviral regimen and HCQ and lower mortality, when timely-administered, in COVID-19 patients aged 65-80 years. Our findings support timely treatment onset as a key component in the treatment of COVID-19.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Desai</LastName><ForeName>Antonio</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-4674-4905</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Caltagirone</LastName><ForeName>Giuseppe</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sari</LastName><ForeName>Sharon</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Internal Medicine Department, Geriatrics, Santa Margherita Rehabilitation and Cure Institute, ASP, 27100 Pavia, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pocaterra</LastName><ForeName>Daria</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kogan</LastName><ForeName>Maria</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Azzolini</LastName><ForeName>Elena</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Health Directorate, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Savevski</LastName><ForeName>Victor</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Artificial Intelligence Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martinelli-Boneschi</LastName><ForeName>Filippo</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9955-1368</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Neurology Unit and MS Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Voza</LastName><ForeName>Antonio</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>On Behalf Of The Humanitas Covid-Task Force</LastName><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emergency Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2021</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>10</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>J Clin 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